How to Become Ethical Hacker After 12th Commerce

Introduction

In today’s digital age, the demand for skilled cybersecurity professionals, particularly ethical hackers, is on the rise. Ethical hackers play a crucial role in identifying vulnerabilities and securing computer systems and networks. If you have completed your 12th grade in either science or commerce or arts and have an interest in technology and cybersecurity, this blog post will guide you on the path to becoming an ethical hacker.

Understand Ethical Hacking

A. Define ethical hacking and its importance in cybersecurity:

Ethical hacking, also known as white-hat hacking or penetration testing, refers to the practice of intentionally attempting to identify vulnerabilities and weaknesses in computer systems, networks, and applications. Ethical hackers are authorized professionals who use their skills and knowledge to assess the security of systems, helping organizations identify and address potential threats before they can be exploited by malicious actors. 

Ethical hacking plays a crucial role in cybersecurity as it helps strengthen the overall security posture of an organization by proactively identifying and mitigating vulnerabilities.

B. Differentiate ethical hacking from malicious hacking:

Ethical hacking is often misunderstood as being synonymous with malicious hacking or “black-hat hacking.” However, there are significant differences between the two:

• Authorization: Ethical hacking is performed with proper authorization from the system or network owner. The ethical hacker works under legal and ethical boundaries and follows a predefined scope of work. In contrast, malicious hacking involves unauthorized access and malicious intent.

• Intent: Ethical hackers have a legitimate and lawful purpose behind their actions. They aim to identify vulnerabilities and help organizations improve their security. Malicious hackers, on the other hand, have malicious intent and exploit vulnerabilities for personal gain, damage, or disruption.

• Legal Compliance: Ethical hackers adhere to legal frameworks, regulations, and ethical guidelines. They work within the boundaries of the law and obtain necessary permissions before conducting security testing. Malicious hackers, by contrast, violate laws and engage in illegal activities.

C. Explore the various domains and roles within ethical hacking:

Ethical hacking encompasses various domains and roles that contribute to the overall cybersecurity landscape. Some of the key domains and roles within ethical hacking include:

• Penetration Testing: Penetration testers, also known as ethical hackers, simulate real-world cyber attacks to identify vulnerabilities in systems, networks, or applications. They perform comprehensive assessments, analyze the security posture, and provide detailed reports with recommendations for improvements.

• Vulnerability Assessment: Vulnerability assessors focus on identifying and assessing vulnerabilities within computer systems, networks, or applications. They use specialized tools and techniques to scan for weaknesses and provide risk assessments to organizations.

• Web Application Security: Web application security specialists focus on identifying and addressing vulnerabilities specific to web applications. They assess web applications for common security flaws, such as cross-site scripting (XSS) or SQL injection, and recommend appropriate security measures.

• Network Security: Network security professionals specialize in assessing and securing computer networks. They identify weaknesses in network infrastructure, routers, firewalls, and other network components, and propose measures to enhance network security.

• Incident Response and Forensics: Incident response teams investigate and respond to cybersecurity incidents. They analyze the scope and impact of a breach, gather evidence, and implement measures to prevent future incidents. Digital forensics experts play a vital role in collecting and analyzing evidence related to cybercrimes.

• Secure Code Analysis: Secure code analysts review application source code to identify security vulnerabilities. They assess coding practices, analyze potential weaknesses, and suggest improvements to enhance the security of software applications.

Develop a Strong Foundation

A. Strengthen your understanding of computer networks and operating systems:

To become an ethical hacker, it’s crucial to have a strong foundation in computer networks and operating systems. This includes understanding the fundamentals of network architecture, protocols, and how data is transmitted over networks. Familiarize yourself with concepts such as IP addressing, subnetting, routing, and TCP/IP. Learn about different operating systems like Windows, Linux, and macOS, including their file systems, user management, and security features.

B. Gain knowledge of programming languages such as Python, C++, or Java:

Programming languages are essential for ethical hackers as they allow for the development of tools, scripts, and exploits. Python is particularly popular due to its simplicity and versatility in cybersecurity tasks. Learn the basics of programming, such as variables, control structures, loops, functions, and object-oriented programming concepts. 

Additionally, gaining proficiency in languages like C++, Java, or scripting languages like PowerShell can expand your capabilities in specific areas.

C. Learn about databases and SQL (Structured Query Language):

Databases are prevalent in many applications and understanding them is crucial for ethical hackers. Learn about database management systems (DBMS) such as MySQL, Oracle, or Microsoft SQL Server. 

Familiarize yourself with Structured Query Language (SQL), as it is used to communicate with and manipulate databases. Understand concepts such as data modeling, table relationships, and SQL statements for querying and modifying data.

D. Familiarize yourself with web technologies and protocols:

Web technologies play a significant role in modern-day applications and their security. Learn about web development concepts such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Gain knowledge of web frameworks like Django or Ruby on Rails. 

Understand how web servers work, including the HTTP/HTTPS protocols and their request-response mechanisms. Explore common web vulnerabilities like cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection, and cross-site request forgery (CSRF), and study techniques to mitigate these risks.

Pursue Relevant Education and Certifications

Consider a bachelor’s degree in computer science or cybersecurity:

Obtaining a bachelor’s degree in computer science or cybersecurity can provide you with a solid educational foundation for a career in ethical hacking. These programs cover essential topics such as programming, computer networks, information security, cryptography, and ethical hacking methodologies. A degree can enhance your understanding of core concepts and provide a broader knowledge base that complements your practical skills.

B. Explore certifications like Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH), CompTIA Security+, or Offensive Security Certified Professional (OSCP):

Certifications in ethical hacking and cybersecurity validate your skills and knowledge, making you more marketable in the industry. Consider certifications such as:

Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH): Offered by EC-Council, CEH is a popular certification that covers a wide range of ethical hacking techniques and methodologies.

CompTIA Security+: This entry-level certification from CompTIA covers foundational cybersecurity concepts, including ethical hacking, network security, and risk management.

Offensive Security Certified Professional (OSCP): Offered by Offensive Security, OSCP is a highly regarded certification that focuses on practical hands-on skills in penetration testing and vulnerability assessment.

Research and choose certifications that align with your career goals and interests. These certifications demonstrate your expertise and dedication to potential employers and clients.

C. Participate in online courses or boot camps focused on ethical hacking:

Online courses and boot camps provide focused and practical training in ethical hacking. They offer flexibility, allowing you to learn at your own pace and from anywhere. Look for reputable platforms or organizations that provide courses specifically tailored to ethical hacking. 

Some popular platforms include Udemy, Coursera, and Offensive Security’s online training programs. These courses often provide hands-on exercises, real-world scenarios, and practical guidance from industry professionals, enabling you to develop the necessary skills and techniques.

Participating in relevant education programs, obtaining certifications, and enrolling in online courses or boot camps will not only enhance your knowledge and skills but also demonstrate your commitment to professional growth and development in the field of ethical hacking.

Courses related to cybersecurity and ethical hacking, including their durations and approximate fees 

Course	Duration	Approximate Fees
Diploma in Cyber Security	1-2 years	INR 2,500 – INR 50,000
Diploma in Ethical Hacking	1-2 years	INR 3,999
Diploma in Ethical Hacking and IT Security	1-2 years	INR 15,000
Diploma in Ethical Hacking and Cyber Security	1-2 years	INR 50,000
EC-Council-Certified Ethical Hacker + CEH Master	5 days	INR 87,800
EC-Council-Computer Hacking Forensic Investigator Certification	5 days	INR 87,700
GIAC-Certified Forensic Analyst	6 days	INR 1,45,000
GIAC-Cyber Security Certification	6 days	INR 1,45,000
GIAC-Certified Penetration Tester	6 days	INR 1,45,000
GIAC-Certified Intrusion Analyst	6 days	INR 1,45,000
BTech in Cyber Security	4 years	INR 2,95,000 per year
BTech in CSE (Cyber Security and Forensics)	4 years	INR 1,95,000 – INR 2,35,000 per year
BTech in CSE (Cyber Security and Threat Analysis)	4 years	INR 2,44,000 per year
BSc in Networking	3 years	INR 19,750 – INR 90,500 per year
BSc in Cyber Security	3 years	INR 40,000 – INR 3,19,000

Gain Practical Experience

A. Set up a lab environment for hands-on practice:

• Create a safe and controlled environment on your computer or a dedicated machine.
• Install virtualization software like VirtualBox or VMware to set up virtual machines for testing.
• Experiment with different operating systems and network configurations to simulate real-world scenarios.

B. Engage in Capture the Flag (CTF) competitions and hacking challenges:

• Participate in CTF competitions, which provide simulated hacking scenarios to solve.
• Solve challenges involving cryptography, web security, binary exploitation, and more.
• Join online platforms and forums that host regular CTF events.

C. Contribute to open-source projects or bug bounty programs:

• Contribute to open-source security projects, which allow you to learn from experienced developers and contribute to the community.
• Participate in bug bounty programs offered by organizations, where you can identify and report security vulnerabilities in their systems for monetary rewards.

D. Seek internships or entry-level positions in cybersecurity firms:

• Look for internships or entry-level positions in cybersecurity companies or IT departments of organizations.
• Gain practical experience working alongside professionals in the field.
• Apply your theoretical knowledge to real-world scenarios, improving your skills and understanding of cybersecurity practices.

By setting up a lab environment, participating in CTF competitions, contributing to open-source projects, and seeking internships, you will gain practical experience in ethical hacking. This hands-on experience will enhance your skills, help you understand real-world challenges, and demonstrate your abilities to potential employers in the cybersecurity industry.

Develop Technical Skills

• Networking knowledge: Understand TCP/IP, network protocols, subnetting, routing, and firewall concepts.

• Operating system proficiency: Gain expertise in Windows, Linux, and Unix-based systems, including command-line usage, file systems, and permissions.

• Programming languages: Learn languages like Python, C/C++, or JavaScript to automate tasks, develop scripts, and understand vulnerabilities in code.

• Web technologies: Familiarise yourself with HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and server-side technologies like PHP or ASP.NET.

• Database management: Gain knowledge of SQL (Structured Query Language) for database manipulation and understand common database vulnerabilities.

• Penetration testing tools: Develop proficiency in using tools such as Nmap, Metasploit, Burp Suite, Wireshark, and SQLMap for scanning, exploiting, and analyzing vulnerabilities.

• Vulnerability assessment and management: Learn how to identify, analyze, and prioritize vulnerabilities using tools like Nessus, OpenVAS, or Qualys.

• Cryptography: Understand encryption algorithms, digital signatures, secure key exchange protocols, and cryptographic attacks.

• Secure coding practices: Acquire knowledge of secure coding principles to develop and review secure software applications.

• System hardening and security configurations: Learn techniques to secure operating systems, networks, and applications by implementing proper configurations, access controls, and patch management.

Networking and Professional Development

A. Attend cybersecurity conferences and events:

• Attend industry conferences, workshops, and seminars focused on cybersecurity and ethical hacking.
• Gain insights into the latest trends, advancements, and best practices in the field.
• Network with professionals, experts, and potential employers to expand your connections.

B. Join professional organizations and communities like OWASP, ISSA, or EC-Council:

• Become a member of reputable cybersecurity organizations and communities.
• Access valuable resources, forums, and discussions related to ethical hacking.
• Engage in knowledge sharing, collaboration, and professional development opportunities.

C. Network with industry professionals and mentors for guidance and opportunities:

• Connect with experienced professionals in the industry, either through networking events or online platforms.
• Seek guidance, advice, and mentorship from individuals who have expertise in ethical hacking.
• Build relationships that can potentially lead to job opportunities or collaborations.

Job Search and Career Path

A. Polish your resume to highlight your skills and certifications:

• Tailor your resume to emphasize your technical skills, certifications, and relevant experience.
• Highlight any hands-on projects, internships, or contributions to open-source projects.
• Showcase your commitment to continuous learning and professional development.

B. Apply for entry-level positions in cybersecurity or ethical hacking:

• Look for entry-level positions such as Junior Security Analyst, Penetration Tester, or Security Operations Center (SOC) Analyst.
• Apply to companies, government agencies, or consulting firms that have a focus on cybersecurity.
• Be prepared for technical interviews and demonstrate your practical skills and knowledge.

C. Continuously improve your skills and consider specialization within the field:

• Stay updated with the latest technologies, vulnerabilities, and hacking techniques.
• Pursue advanced certifications or specialized training in areas such as web application security, network security, or cloud security.
• Consider specializing in specific domains like penetration testing, incident response, or secure coding.

Conclusion

Becoming an ethical hacker after completing 12th grade is achievable with dedication and effort. It is crucial to develop a strong foundation in computer networks, programming languages, and web technologies. Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in computer science or cybersecurity, along with relevant certifications like CEH or OSCP, can provide a solid educational background. 

Practical experience is vital, which can be gained through setting up a lab environment, participating in CTF competitions, and seeking internships in cybersecurity firms. Networking, attending conferences, and connecting with industry professionals further enhance career prospects in ethical hacking. 

This dynamic field offers a rewarding career path, allowing individuals to contribute to the security of organizations and make a positive impact in the ever-evolving digital landscape.

To embark on a successful career as an ethical hacker, it is essential to continuously improve skills and consider specialization within the field. Staying updated with industry trends, expanding knowledge, and seeking job opportunities can be achieved through networking, joining professional organizations, and connecting with mentors. 

When applying for entry-level positions, it is important to showcase relevant skills, certifications, and practical experience on the resume. Ethical hacking not only provides a challenging and stimulating career but also enables professionals to play a critical role in securing organizations from malicious threats. With the right education, certifications, practical experience, and a commitment to continuous learning, individuals can forge a successful career as ethical hackers.